Gorno-Altai Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic

Gorno-Altai Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
Gorno-Altai Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
1990–1991
The location of the Gorno-Altai ASSR.
Capital Gorno-Altaysk
Political structure Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
History
 - Established 1990
 - Disestablished 1991

The Gorno-Altai Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was an autonomous republic of the Soviet Union.[1] It was formed on 1 June 1922 as the Oyrot Autonomous Region and became the Gorno-Altai Autonomous Oblast on 7 January 1948. It was upgraded to the level of Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic on 25 October 1990, and was declared a Soviet Socialist Republic on 3 July 1991, although it was not recognised as one.[2] It became the Altai Republic on 31 March 1992. Its capital was Gorno-Altaysk.[2] Agriculture is the main occupation for most of the inhabitants.[3] Like the modern Altai Republic, the Gorno-Altai ASSR shared its international border with the People's Republic of China.

The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and some of the other republics also contained administrative subdivisions with boundaries drawn according to nationality or language. The three kinds of such subdivisions included twenty autonomous republics, eight autonomous oblasts, and ten autonomous okruga.[4]

Contents

History

The Communists gained power in 1917. From 1922 to 1947 Gorno-Altai was called the Oyrot Autonomous Oblast. It was renamed to the Gorno-Altai Autonomous Oblast in 1948, and was renamed again to the Gorno-Altai Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in 1990. It was renamed to the Gorno-Altai Republic on 3 July 1991, and became the Altai Republic on 31 March 1992. It is now a federal subject of the Russian Federation.[1]

When the region became the Oyrot Autonomous Region in 1922, the region's capital was originally called Ulala. In 1928 Ulala was renamed to Oyrot-Tura in 1932. However, in 1948 the state changed the name of the region to the Gorno-Altai Autonomous Oblast. With it, Ulala was again renamed, this time to Gorno-Altaysk.[1]

Education

The Gorno-Altaisk State University[5] was founded in 1949, with only 10 teachers. In 1993 it became a classical university.[6]

Demographics

Ethnic groups

The 1989 census states that ethnic Russians make up 60.4% of Gorno-Altai's population, with the ethnic Altai people at 33.5%. Other groups include Kazakhs (5.6%) and several smaller groups, accounting for less than 5% of the population when put together. Comparing it to the 2002 census, the ethnic Altais have significantly increased in numbers.

1989 census 2002 census[7]
Altai people 59,130 (31.0%) 67,745 (33.5%)
Russians 115,188 (60.4%) 116,510 (57.4%)
Kazakhs 10,692 (5.6%) 12,108 (6.0%)
Other people 5,821 (3.1%) 6,443 (3.2%)

Religion

Some Altai people converted to Christianity, but in 1904 a new religion, Burkhanism (the "white faith"), had pervaded the community of native Altaians.[8] Burkhanism helped to encourage anti-Russian feelings and was consequently banned by the Communist Party in the 1930s.[9]

Government

This table includes the heads in the time period of Gorno-Altai being an ASSR.

Position Term Length Officeholder
First Secretary of the Gorno-Altai Communist Party 1990–1991 Valery Chaptynov
Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet 1990–1991 Valery Chaptynov
Chairman of the Executive Committee 1990–1992 Vladimir Petrov

References


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем решить контрольную работу

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Chechen–Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic — Flag Chechen–Ingush ASSR on the map of Soviet Ca …   Wikipedia

  • North Ossetian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic — The North Ossetian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Ossetic: Цæгат Иристоны Автономон Советон Социалистон Республикæ) was an autonomous republic of the Soviet Union. Currently it is known as North Ossetia Alania, a federal subject of Russia …   Wikipedia

  • Gorno-Altai Autonomous Oblast — Not to be confused with Gorno Altai Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. The Gorno Altai Autonomous Oblast (Russian: Горно Алтайская автономная область was formed as the Oyrot Autonomous Oblast (Russian: Ойротская Автономная область) in 1922 and …   Wikipedia

  • Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic — ← …   Wikipedia

  • Mountain Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic — Горская АССР Mountain Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic of Russian SFSR …   Wikipedia

  • Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic — Qrьm ASSR Крымская АССР Crimean ASSR ASSR of the Russian SFSR and Ukrainian SSR …   Wikipedia

  • Nakhichevan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic — Flag of the Nakhichevan ASSR introduced in 1937 with both Azerbaijani and Armenian text. It fell from use in the 1940s when the Azerbaijani Latin alphabet was replaced with Cyrillic characters. The Nakhichevan ASSR (or the Nak …   Wikipedia

  • Dagestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic — Map of the Dagestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in 1922 The Dagestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was an Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in the former Soviet Union. This Land of Mountains was known also for having a mountain …   Wikipedia

  • Chuvash Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic — The Chuvash Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Chuvash: Чăваш Автономлă Совет Социаллă Республики; Russian: Чувашская Автономная Советская Социалистическая Республик) was an Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in the former Soviet Union. It… …   Wikipedia

  • Mari Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic — (Mari ASSR) was the successor of Mari Autonomous Oblast. When the Soviet Union disintegrated, the Mari ASSR became known as the Mari El Republic, a federal subject of the Russian Federation. v …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”