Saxe-Hildburghausen

Saxe-Hildburghausen
Duchy of Saxe-Hildburghausen
Herzogtum Sachsen-Hildburghausen
State of the Holy Roman Empire,
State of the Confederation of the Rhine,
State of the German Confederation
Saxe-Gotha
1680–1826 Saxe-Meiningen
Flag Coat of arms
Capital Heldburg (to 1684)
Hildburghausen (from 1684)
Government Principality
Historical era Middle Ages
 - Partitioned from
    Saxe-Gotha
 
1680 1680
 - Reichsunmittelbarkeit 1702
 - Passed to Saxe-Meiningen 1826

Saxe-Hildburghausen (German: Sachsen-Hildburghausen) was an Ernestine duchy in what is now southern Thuringia, Germany. Its territory was similar to that of the modern Hildburghausen district.

History

Despite its tiny territory, this was an autonomous duchy from 1680 to 1826; in 1684 the capital was moved from Heldburg to Hildburghausen, and the mini-state became known as Saxe-Hildburghausen. The dukes built a palace, a French-style park and other pompous buildings in Hildburghausen.

In 1810, a princess of Saxe-Hildburghausen, Therese, was married to Crown Prince Ludwig of Bavaria, who became king of Bavaria 15 years later; this event is the reason for the Oktoberfest, held annually in Munich.

In 1826, the states of Thuringia were reorganised: the last ruler of Saxe-Altenburg died without an heir; the duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen became his successor, but he had to cede his own realm to Saxe-Meiningen.

In 1868, four districts were established in the Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen. Hildburghausen was one of these districts, with boundaries very similar to those of the former duchy. It remained almost unchanged until 1993, when the former district of Suhl was dissolved and most of its municipalities joined the district.

Dukes of Saxe-Hildburghausen

  • Ernst II (1675–1715)
  • Ernst Frederick I (1715–24)
  • Ernst Frederick II (1724–45)
  • Ernst Frederick III (1745–80)
  • Frederick (1780–1825)

Incorporated into Saxe-Meiningen


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