City council

City council

A city council or town council is the legislative body that governs a city, town, municipality or local government area.

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Australia & NZ

Because of the differences in legislation between the States, the exact definition of a City Council varies. However, it is generally only those local government areas which have been specifically granted city status (usually on a basis of population) that are entitled to refer to themselves as cities. The official title is "Corporation of the City of ------" or similar.

Some of the larger urban areas of Australia are governed mostly by a single entity (see Brisbane and other Queensland cities), while others maybe controlled by a multitude of much smaller city councils. Also some significant urban areas can be under the jurisdiction of otherwise rural local governments. Periodic re-alignments of boundaries attempt to rationalize these situations and adjust the deployment of assets and resources.

Local councils in New Zealand do vary in structure, but are overseen by the government department Local Government New Zealand. For many decades until the local government reforms of 1989, a borough with more than 20,000 people could be proclaimed a city. The boundaries of councils tended to follow the edge of the built-up area, so little distinction was made between the urban area and the local government area.

New Zealand’s local government structural arrangements were significantly reformed by the Local Government Commission in 1989 when approximately 700 councils and special purpose bodies were amalgamated to create 87 new local authorities.

As a result, the term "city" began to take on two meanings.

The word "city" came to be used in a less formal sense to describe major urban areas independent of local body boundaries. This informal usage is jealously guarded. Gisborne, for example, adamantly described itself as the first city in the world to see the new millennium. Gisborne is administered by a district council, but its status as a city is not generally disputed.

Under the current law the minimum population for a new city is 50,000.

Sweden

Swedish municipalities are governed by a legislative body called a kommunfullmäktige in Swedish. Though Swedish law uses the term "municipal assembly" to describe these bodies in English, they are frequently referred to as "city councils" as well, even in official contexts in many of Sweden's major cities, including Stockholm, Gothenburg, and Malmö.

United Kingdom

In the UK, a city council is:

In England:

In Wales:

In Scotland

In Northern Ireland

United States and Canada

A city council chambers in California

City councils generally consist of several (usually somewhere between 5 and 50, depending on the city's size) elected aldermen or councillors. Other common titles for members of the council include councilmember or councilman/woman.

In some cities, the mayor is a voting member of the council who serves as chairman; in others, the mayor is the city's independent chief executive (or strong mayor) with veto power over city council legislation. In larger cities the council may elect other executive positions as well, such as a council president and speaker.

The council generally functions as a parliamentary or congressional style legislative body, proposing bills, holding votes, and passing laws to help govern the city.

The role of the mayor in the council varies depending on whether or not the city uses council-manager government or mayor-council government, and by the nature of the statutory authority given to it by state law, city charter, or municipal ordinance.

There is also a mayor pro tem councilmember. In cities where the council elects the mayor for one year at a time, the mayor pro tem is in line to become the mayor in the next year. In cities where the mayor is elected by the city's voters, the mayor pro tem serves simply to serve as acting mayor in the absence of the mayor. This position is also known as vice mayor.

In some cities a different name for the municipal legislature is used. In San Francisco, for example, it is known as the Board of Supervisors because San Francisco is a consolidated city-county and the California constitution requires each county to have a Board of Supervisors.

See also


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Look at other dictionaries:

  • City council — Council Coun cil (koun s[i^]l), n. [F. concile, fr. L. concilium; con + calare to call, akin to Gr. ??? to call, and E. hale, v., haul. Cf. {Conciliate}. This word is often confounded with counsel, with which it has no connection.] [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • City council — City Cit y, a. Of or pertaining to a city. Shak. [1913 Webster] {City council}. See under {Council}. {City court}, The municipal court of a city. [U. S.] {City ward}, a watchman, or the collective watchmen, of a city. [Obs.] Fairfax. [1913… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • city council — n: the legislative body of a city Merriam Webster’s Dictionary of Law. Merriam Webster. 1996 …   Law dictionary

  • city council — n the group of elected officials who are responsible for governing a city …   Dictionary of contemporary English

  • city council — noun count the elected officials who govern a city …   Usage of the words and phrases in modern English

  • city council — noun a municipal body that can pass ordinances and appropriate funds etc. (Freq. 1) • Hypernyms: ↑council * * * noun : the legislative body of a city * * * a municipal body having legislative and administrative powers, such as passing ordinances… …   Useful english dictionary

  • city council — UK / US noun [countable] Word forms city council : singular city council plural city councils the elected officials who govern a city: can be followed by a singular or plural verb …   English dictionary

  • City council —    During the Middle Ages most cities in what would become the Low Countries were governed by representatives of a duke or count. These representatives were gradually divided into two groups: one that was concerned with the dispensation of… …   Historical Dictionary of the Netherlands

  • City Council Station — 市議會站 City Council Station Exit 1 Location Municipality Kaohsiung …   Wikipedia

  • City Council of Cincinnati, Ohio elections — Elections in Ohio Federal offices …   Wikipedia

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