Auspice

Auspice

An auspice (Latin: "auspicium" [ [http://www.tfd.com/auspice auspice - definition of auspice by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia ] ] from "auspex", literally "one who looks at birds") [ [http://www.wordinfo.info/words/index/info/view_unit/258/?letter=A&spage=16 auspic-, auspec- + (Latin: to look, to observe in order to make a prediction; to see omens; from auspex [genitive form auspicis avi-, stem of avis, "bird" plus -spex, "observer", from specere) ] ] is a type of omen already familiar to the king of Alasia in Cyprus who, in the Amarna correspondence (fourteenth century BCE) has need of an 'eagle diviner' to be sent from Egypt. [J.A. Knudtzon, "Die El-Amarna Tafeln" (1915:no. 35.26) noted in Walter Burkert, "The Orientalizing Revolution: Near Eastern Influences on Greek Culture in the Early Archaic Age" (1992), p 42.] The earlier, indigenous practice of divining by bird signs, familiar in the figure of Calchas, the bird-diviner to Agamemnon, who has led the army ("Iliad" I.69) was largely replaced by sacrifice-divination through inspection of the sacrificial victim's liver— "haruspices"— during the Orientalizing period. "From Plato we learn that hepatoscopy enjoyed greater prestige than bird augury" [Walter Burkert 1992:49, noting Plato's "Phaedrus" 244C.]

In ancient Rome, the auspices provided a sign from the gods, as interpreted by an augur. An augur would perform a ceremony (known as "taking the auspices") and would read patterns of birds in the sky. Depending upon the birds, the auspices from the gods could be favorable or unfavorable ("auspicious" or "inauspicious"). Sometimes bribed or politically motivated augurs would fabricate unfavorable auspices in order to delay certain state functions, such as elections. Pliny the Younger attributes the invention of auspicy to Tiresias the seer of Thebes, the generic model of a seer in the Greco-Roman literary culture.

One of the most famous auspices is the one which is connected with the founding of Rome. Once the founders of Rome, Romulus and Remus, arrived at the Palatine Hill, the two argued over where the exact position of the city should be. Romulus was set on building the city upon the Palatine, but Remus wanted to build the city on the strategic and easily fortified Aventine Hill. The two agreed to settle their argument by testing their abilities as augurs and by the will of the gods. Each took a seat on the ground apart from one another, and, according to Plutarch, Remus saw six vultures, while Romulus saw twelve.

Modern application of the term

In the vocational education sector of Australia, auspicing is where a registered training organization enters a partnership arrangement with another organisation that undertakes training or assessment on their behalf. The original training organization is still responsible for the quality of that training and assessment. The word is also used when a larger organization, such as local government, accepts and manages grant money, on behalf of a smaller community group, which does not have the necessary financial arrangements in place.

References

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  • auspice — n. m. d1./d (Surtout Plur.) ANTIQ ROM Signe où l augure voyait un présage. d2./d Fig. Sous d heureux, de funestes auspices: dans des circonstances qui présagent le succès ou l échec. Sous les auspices de qqn, sous sa protection, son patronage.… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Auspice — Aus pice, n.; pl. {Auspices}. [L. auspicium, fr. auspex: cf. F. auspice. See {Auspicate}, a.] 1. A divining or taking of omens by observing birds; an omen as to an undertaking, drawn from birds; an augury; an omen or sign in general; an… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • auspice — AUSPICE. s. m. Terme générique qui désignoit chez les Romains diverses manières de consulter et de connoître l avenir, lesquelles formoient parmi les Augures trois ordres différens. Prendre les auspices par le vol des oiseaux, par le chant des… …   Dictionnaire de l'Académie Française 1798

  • auspice — AUSPICE. s. m. Presage tiré du vol des oiseaux. Heureux auspice. Les Grecs & les Romains avoient grand esgard aux auspices. les auspices luy estoient favorables. On dit figur. Sous d heureux auspices, pour dire, Ayant la fortune favorable. On dit …   Dictionnaire de l'Académie française

  • auspice — index forerunner, harbinger, indicant, indication, indicator, premonition, threat, token Burton s Legal Thesau …   Law dictionary

  • auspice — / auspitʃe/ s.m. [dal lat. auspex pĭcis, comp. di avis uccello e tema di specĕre guardare ]. 1. (stor.) [chi traeva gli auspìci, presso gli antichi Romani] ▶◀ aruspice, augure. 2. (estens.) [chi sostiene caldamente, con la prep. di o assol.: a.… …   Enciclopedia Italiana

  • áuspice — s. m. 1. Arúspice. 2. Áugure …   Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa

  • auspice — ► NOUN archaic ▪ an omen. ● under the auspices of Cf. ↑under the auspices of ORIGIN Latin auspicium, from auspex observer of birds …   English terms dictionary

  • auspice — [ôs′pis] n. pl. auspices [ôs′pə siz, ôs′pəsēz΄; ] for 3 usually [, ôs′pəsiz] [Fr < L auspicium, omen < auspex, AUSPEX] 1. a watching for omens in the flight of birds; divination 2. an omen, esp. a favorable one 3. [pl.] approval and… …   English World dictionary

  • Auspice — Cette page d’homonymie répertorie les différents sujets et articles partageant un même nom. Sur les autres projets Wikimedia : « Auspice », sur le Wiktionnaire (dictionnaire universel) Auspice est un nom commun ou un nom propre qui …   Wikipédia en Français

  • auspice — (ô spi s ) s. m. 1°   Terme d antiquité romaine. Divination de l avenir, surtout d après le vol des oiseaux. Prendre les auspices. Sous de bons, sous de mauvais auspices. Annoncer des auspices contraires. Lieu consacré par les auspices. •   Un… …   Dictionnaire de la Langue Française d'Émile Littré

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