- USS Tench (SS-417)
USS "Tench" (SS-417), the
lead ship of her class ofsubmarine , was the only ship of theUnited States Navy to be named for thetench . Her keel was laid down on1 April 1944 at thePortsmouth Navy Yard . She was launched on7 July 1944 , sponsored by Claudia Alta Johnson, the wife of Rep.Lyndon Baines Johnson , and commissioned on6 October 1944 with Commander William B. "Barney" [Blair, Clay, Jr. "Silent Victory" (Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1975), p.1059. Sieglaff [Sieglaff, as Duty Officer in "Tautog" during theattack on Pearl Harbor , had destroyed the first Japanese aircraft by an American submarine. Blair, p.99] in command.After completing trials and shakedown out of
New London, Connecticut , "Tench" departed that port on20 December for duty in the Pacific. Following brief pauses for training atKey West, Florida , and in thePanama Canal Zone, she reachedPearl Harbor during the latter part of January 1945. An additional training period followed her arrival inOahu , but only a brief one. On7 February , she stood out of Pearl Harbor, bound for her first war patrol. After a stop atSaipan for fuel, "Tench" returned to sea in company with USS|Sea Devil|SS-400|3, USS|Balao|SS-285|3, and USS|Grouper|SS-214|3—the other three submarines in the coordinated attack group (colloquially called a "wolf pack ") to which she was assigned.They left Saipan on
27 February and headed for their assigned patrol area which began in the region of theEast China Sea southwest ofKyūshū and extended north into theYellow Sea . On the night of6 March and7 March , "Tench" passed through theColnett Strait south ofYoku Shima and into the East China Sea. The four submarines rotated patrol, weather-reporting, photographic-reconnaissance, and lifeguard duties. On18 March , "Tench" received orders to take up lifeguard station off the western coast ofKyūshū duringFifth Fleet carrier air raids on Nagasaki. Just before the noon watch came on duty, the submarine got word of a dye marker sighting (presumably evidence of a downed American aviator) sighted by friendly aircraft in a bay on the coast ofKyūshū near the town ofAkune .Under the protective cover of
F6F Hellcat fighters, "Tench" threaded her way cautiously into the shallow waters of the bay. Just after she discovered the "sighting" had been the result of a reflection of a shoal spot, she received a severe fright. Caught in waters too shallow for her to dive, she proceeded almost helplessly on the surface while a large flight of aircraft approached her from astern. Fortunately the planes proved to be additional Fifth Fleet bombers returning from Nagasaki. "Tench" stood offshore and watched while they loosed their remaining bombs on installations near Akune: a railroad bridge, a fuel dump, and a factory.The remainder of March proved relatively unproductive. In the absence of targets worthy of torpedoes, the submarine contented herself with the destruction of floating mines and with the sinking of two tiny trawlers on
28 March .Early on
3 April , an enemy bomber forced her to dive, and she ran submerged for the remainder of the day. That evening, she surfaced once again and soon made radar contact with a good-sized target. The fact the enemy ship carried radar, coupled with the appearance of a second target larger than the first, indicated she was some type of warship escorting a merchantman. Darkness and fog dictated a surface attack. "Tench"’s report claims the target, the large cargoman, took one torpedo hit and erupted in a splendid pyrotechnic display. Unfortunately, there is no evidence to confirm the kill. [TheJANAC accounting postwar was notoriously unreliable, with Japanese records in chaos.]"Tench"’s first war patrol had begun soon after the invasion of
Iwo Jima and continued past the landings onOkinawa . American planners had foreseen the possibility of Japan's attempting to strike back at the Allied forces with what remained of the Imperial surface fleet. They therefore stationed apicket line of submarines off Japan to serve as an early warning system. "Tench" received orders to join this patrol line before concluding her war patrol. She was on station off the western coast of the Japanese home islands when the "Yamato" task force sortied on6 April to contest theOkinawa landings. "Tench" did not make a sighting, since "Yamato" sortied from theBungo Suido . That station was assigned USS|Threadfin|SS-410|3, which raised the alarm; the picket line was disbanded, and each submarine turned to its own individual mission. In accordance to orders, "Tench" cleared the area for an air-sea rescue sweep of theEast China Sea before ending her patrol. On8 April , she picked up the pilot and radioman from a dive-bomber from USS|Essex|CV-9|3 and then headed forGuam where she arrived on14 April .Refit completed and her crew rested, "Tench" (now under
Tom Baskett ) [Blair, p.866.] returned to sea early in May for her second war patrol. That patrol took her again to the Japanese homeland, but this time to theTsugaru Strait betweenHonshū andHokkaidō , the northern entrance to theSea of Japan . Her mission was to interdict Japanese shipping as it attempted to run north and south between theKuril Islands andTokyo . Her first contact came on25 May and proved to be an enemy warship. While patrolling on the surface, she sighted a periscope approaching her out of the fog. She submerged immediately, picked the enemy up on her sound gear, and evaded him successfully. During the waning days of May, she sighted little enemy shipping of consequence though her gun crews dispatched a number of motorlugger s, picket boats, steam trawlers, and other small craft to the depths.On
1 June , however, fortune began to favor the submarine. That evening, she encountered the 861-ton "Mikamisan Maru" hugging the coast ofHonshū nearShirlya . "Tench" stalked her quarry until 0700 the next morning when she caught the cargoman about one-half mile (900 meters) off shore. In a surface attack, the submarine scored two torpedo hits on "Mikamisan Maru" and sent her to the bottom. Two days later, "Tench" scored a single hit amidships on the 517-ton "Ryujin Maru" which proved sufficient to sink her. For five days, the submarine worked her way back and forth across the strait, dodging enemy patrols and picket boats but without finding suitable targets. Then, on9 June , she came across the bigest game of her wartime career: the 2857-tonfreighter "Kamishika Maru". "Tench" sank the merchantman in a submerged attack and spent the rest of the day evading spirited and persistent enemy retaliation. The following day, she dispatched an enemy tanker, the 834-ton "Shoei Maru Number Six" in another submerged attack. Again, the Japanese patrol force went after the submarine with everything it had, but failed even to come close.In fact, "Tench"’s closest call was self-inflicted. On
11 June , she engaged a Japanesedestroyer in a night surface attack. After firing a salvo of torpedoes at the enemy from her bow tubes, "Tench" put her rudder hard over to turn and retired rapidly. Just then, the lookouts reported one of her ownMark 14 torpedo es running in a wide circle [This was a continuing problem for the Mark 14 & Mark 18 during the war.] and on a collision course with "Tench". Frantic moments of evasive action ensued, but the torpedo hung tenaciously on to its collision course. Once again fortune smiled. The torpedo ran deeply and passed directly under the submarine's stern. "Tench" continued her retirement unaware of the results of her attack -- in all probability unsuccessful -- but heartened by her escape from what had seemed certain destruction. After five more days of hunting enemy shipping during which she encountered and sank a motor trawler with gunfire, "Tench" headed towardMidway Island , her score for the patrol (according to JANAC) four ships for 5,000 tons. [Blair, p.978.]Following refit, she put to sea on her third and final war patrol. On
29 July , she once again passed through Colnett Strait and entered theEast China Sea . On30 July , she found another motor lugger and punched holes in her with her 40 millimeter gun. She then proceeded to round up the lugger's nine-manKorea n crew, all of whom had taken to the water at the first hint of trouble. Between2 August and4 August , she rode out an East China Seatyphoon and on6 August , released her prisoners in a small boat near the Korean coast. That afternoon, she headed in toward the harbor ofOsei To , a small island near the western coast of Korea, to conduct a shore bombardment. During that escapade, her guns destroyed four schooners and severely damaged another five, along with a sea truck, a motor trawler, and some warehouses and other dockside installations. "Tench" then shifted north to theGulf of Pohai , between theKwantung Peninsula ofManchuria and theShantung Promontory ofChina . Her last encounter of the war occurred on9 August when she surfaced in fog to torpedo and sink a seagoing tug towing two large barges. While the submarine retired from that attack, two Japanese "Betty" medium bombers dropped a bomb apiece some 500 yards (450 m) off her port beam and retired themselves. (These craft were all too small to be recorded by JANAC, and her credited score for the patrol was zero.) [Blair, p.982.] That ended her hostile actions. On15 August , the Japanese Empire capitulated, and hostilities ceased."Tench" remained on station until
28 August and then headed forGuam where she arrived on2 September . After a brief stop at Apra harbor, she headed back toward theUnited States . Following stops at Pearl Harbor andBalboa, Canal Zone , "Tench" moored atNew London, Connecticut , on6 October 1945 -- a year to the day since she had entered commission. In March 1946, she was placed in reserve at New London.Almost four years of idleness ended for "Tench" in Oetober 1950 when she came out of "mothballs" to be converted to a
Greater Underwater Propulsion Power Program (GUPPY) submarine. Over the next three months, she underwent extensive modifications to improve her performance charaeteristies for submerged operations. In January 1950, the submarine was recommissioned atNorfolk, Virginia , with Commander Frederiek N. Russell in command."Tench"’s second period of active service lasted just over two decades. For the most part, she conducted routine training operations off the East Coast. Initially, she operated out of Norfolk as a unit of Submarine Squadron 6 (SubRon 6). While so assigned, she made her first deployment to the
Mediterranean Sea in January 1952. Upon her return three months later, she resumed her schedule of east coast andCaribbean Sea operations. During the summer of 1955, the submarine changed homeports, leaving SubRon 6 behind for duty with SubRon 2, based atNew London, Connecticut . In addition to periodic fleet exercises, "Tench" served as a school ship for the Submarine School located at New London. That employment continued until October 1961 at which time she stood out of New London on her second deployment to theSixth Fleet in the Mediterranean from which she returned early in 1962. Another extended period of duty with the Submarine School followed. That assignment was augmented by duty with various aviation and surface units in a series of antisubmarine warfare exercises. Early in April 1966, "Tench" broke that routine once again for a four-month cruise with the Sixth Fleet. This appears to have been her third and last tour of duty in the Mediterranean. Upon completion of the deployment, she returned once again to her New London-based training operations which occupied the submarine for the remainder of her active career.During the late summer and early fall of 1968, "Tench" took part in a
NATO exercise, Operation "Silvertower," in the eastern Atlantic. During that assignment, she visited ports in theUnited Kingdom ,Germany , andPortugal . The submarine returned to New London on4 November and began her final 19 months of active service. Near the end of her career, she was givenhull classification symbol AGSS-417 (general auxiliary submarine) on1 October 1969 . She was placed in commission, in reserve, atPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania , later that month; and, on8 May 1970 , "Tench" was placed out of commission. Berthed at Philadelphia, "Tench" remained in reserve until 1973. On16 August 1973 , her name was srtricken from theNaval Vessel Register , and she was subsequently scrapped."Tench" was awarded three battle stars for her World War II service.
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