- Sovietization
Sovietization is term that may be used with two distinct (but related) meanings:
*the adoption of a political system based on the model of soviets (workers' councils).
*the adoption of a way of life and mentality modelled after theSoviet Union .The term was one of numerous "-ation" buzzwords in Soviet phraseology, along with electrification, collectivization,
korenizatsiya , etc.A notable wave of Sovietization (in the second meaning) occurred during and after
World War II inEastern Europe . In a broad sense, this included (mostly not voluntary) adoption of Soviet-like institutions, laws, customs, traditions and the Soviet way of life, both on a national level and in smaller communities. This was usually promoted and speeded up bypropaganda aimed at creating a common way of life in all states within the Soviet sphere of influence. In many cases, Sovietization was also accompanied by forced resettlement of large categories of "class enemies " (kulak s, or "osadnik s", for instance) to theGulag labor camp s and exile settlements. [cite book | author =various authors | coauthors = | title =Demography and National Security | year =2001 | editor =Myron Weiner, Sharon Stanton Russell | pages =308-315 | chapter =Stalinist Forced Relocation Policies | chapterurl =http://books.google.com/books?ie=UTF-8&vid=ISBN157181339X&id=J9nuv7MGQ5MC&pg=PA309&lpg=PA309&dq=Sovietization&sig=QTVI52AN1LIHVn13mJYNqUyNCNw | publisher =Berghahn Books | location = | id =ISBN 1-57181-339-X| url = | format = | accessdate = ]In a narrow sense, the term "Sovietization" is often applied to mental and social changes within the population of the Soviet Union and its satellites [pl icon cite book | author =
Józef Tischner | coauthors = | title =Etyka solidarności oraz Homo sovieticus | year =2005 | editor = | pages =295 | chapter = | chapterurl = | publisher =Znak | location =Kraków | id =ISBN 83-240-0588-9 | url = | format = | accessdate = ] which led to creation of the "new Soviet man " (according to its supporters) or "Homo Sovieticus " (according to its critics). [ cite book | author =Aleksandr Zinovyev | coauthors = | title =Homo sovieticus | year =1986 | editor = | pages = | chapter = | chapterurl = | publisher =Grove/Atlantic | location = | id =ISBN 0-87113-080-7 | url = | format = | accessdate = ]Most recently the term "Sovietization" is applied in a derogatory sense to processes in
Russia underPutin , with various authors putting various, often mutually contradictory, meanings in the word referring to various attributes of the former Soviet Union.References
#See also
*
Russification
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